Fix pow overflow in non-default rounding modes (bug 16315)

Message ID Pine.LNX.4.64.1406041749420.3719@digraph.polyomino.org.uk
State Committed
Headers

Commit Message

Joseph Myers June 4, 2014, 5:50 p.m. UTC
  This patch, relative to a tree with
<https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2014-06/msg00076.html> applied,
fixes bug 16315, bad pow handling of overflow/underflow in non-default
rounding modes.  Tests of pow are duly converted to ALL_RM_TEST to run
all tests in all rounding modes.

There are two main issues here.  First, various implementations
compute a negative result by negating a positive result, but this
yields inappropriate overflow / underflow values for directed
rounding, so either overflow / underflow results need recomputing in
the correct sign, or the relevant overflowing / underflowing operation
needs to be made to have a result of the correct sign.  Second, the
dbl-64 implementation sets FE_TONEAREST internally; in the overflow /
underflow case, the result needs recomputing in the original rounding
mode.

Tested x86_64 and x86 and ulps updated accordingly.

(auto-libm-test-out diffs omitted below.)

2014-06-04  Joseph Myers  <joseph@codesourcery.com>

	[BZ #16315]
	* sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow.S (__ieee754_pow): Ensure possibly
	overflowing or underflowing operations take place with sign of
	result.
	* sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powf.S (__ieee754_powf): Likewise.
	* sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powl.S (__ieee754_powl): Likewise.
	* sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c: Include <math.h>.
	(__ieee754_pow): Recompute overflowing and underflowing results in
	original rounding mode.
	* sysdeps/x86/fpu/powl_helper.c: Include <stdbool.h>.
	(__powl_helper): Allow negative argument X and scale negated value
	as needed.  Avoid passing value outside [-1, 1] to f2xm1.
	* sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/e_powl.S (__ieee754_powl): Ensure possibly
	overflowing or underflowing operations take place with sign of
	result.
	* sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/e_pow.c [HAVE_FMA4_SUPPORT]:
	Include <math.h>.
	* math/auto-libm-test-in: Add more tests of pow.
	* math/auto-libm-test-out: Regenerated.
	* math/libm-test.inc (pow_test): Use ALL_RM_TEST.
	(pow_tonearest_test_data): Remove.
	(pow_test_tonearest): Likewise.
	(pow_towardzero_test_data): Likewise.
	(pow_test_towardzero): Likewise.
	(pow_downward_test_data): Likewise.
	(pow_test_downward): Likewise.
	(pow_upward_test_data): Likewise.
	(pow_test_upward): Likewise.
	(main): Don't call removed functions.
	* sysdeps/i386/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update.
	* sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Likewise.
  

Comments

Joseph Myers June 11, 2014, 12:19 p.m. UTC | #1
Ping.  This patch 
<https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2014-06/msg00077.html> is pending 
review.
  
Joseph Myers June 18, 2014, 10:39 a.m. UTC | #2
Ping^2.  This patch 
<https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2014-06/msg00077.html> is still 
pending review.
  
Joseph Myers June 23, 2014, 11:54 a.m. UTC | #3
Ping^3.  This patch 
<https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2014-06/msg00077.html> is still 
pending review.
  
Andreas Jaeger June 23, 2014, 6:23 p.m. UTC | #4
On 06/04/2014 07:50 PM, Joseph S. Myers wrote:
> This patch, relative to a tree with
> <https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2014-06/msg00076.html> applied,
> fixes bug 16315, bad pow handling of overflow/underflow in non-default
> rounding modes.  Tests of pow are duly converted to ALL_RM_TEST to run
> all tests in all rounding modes.
> 
> There are two main issues here.  First, various implementations
> compute a negative result by negating a positive result, but this
> yields inappropriate overflow / underflow values for directed
> rounding, so either overflow / underflow results need recomputing in
> the correct sign, or the relevant overflowing / underflowing operation
> needs to be made to have a result of the correct sign.  Second, the
> dbl-64 implementation sets FE_TONEAREST internally; in the overflow /
> underflow case, the result needs recomputing in the original rounding
> mode.
> 
> Tested x86_64 and x86 and ulps updated accordingly.

Thanks, looks fine,

Andreas
  
Stefan Liebler June 26, 2014, 1:10 p.m. UTC | #5
Hi Joseph,

on S390 test-ldouble/test-ildoubl fails after testing in all rounding 
modes. (see out-file; the expm1l failures does not belong to this patch)
But I haven´t debugged it yet.

Bye

On 06/04/2014 07:50 PM, Joseph S. Myers wrote:
> This patch, relative to a tree with
> <https://sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2014-06/msg00076.html> applied,
> fixes bug 16315, bad pow handling of overflow/underflow in non-default
> rounding modes.  Tests of pow are duly converted to ALL_RM_TEST to run
> all tests in all rounding modes.
>
> There are two main issues here.  First, various implementations
> compute a negative result by negating a positive result, but this
> yields inappropriate overflow / underflow values for directed
> rounding, so either overflow / underflow results need recomputing in
> the correct sign, or the relevant overflowing / underflowing operation
> needs to be made to have a result of the correct sign.  Second, the
> dbl-64 implementation sets FE_TONEAREST internally; in the overflow /
> underflow case, the result needs recomputing in the original rounding
> mode.
>
> Tested x86_64 and x86 and ulps updated accordingly.
>
> (auto-libm-test-out diffs omitted below.)
>
> 2014-06-04  Joseph Myers  <joseph@codesourcery.com>
>
> 	[BZ #16315]
> 	* sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow.S (__ieee754_pow): Ensure possibly
> 	overflowing or underflowing operations take place with sign of
> 	result.
> 	* sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powf.S (__ieee754_powf): Likewise.
> 	* sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powl.S (__ieee754_powl): Likewise.
> 	* sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c: Include <math.h>.
> 	(__ieee754_pow): Recompute overflowing and underflowing results in
> 	original rounding mode.
> 	* sysdeps/x86/fpu/powl_helper.c: Include <stdbool.h>.
> 	(__powl_helper): Allow negative argument X and scale negated value
> 	as needed.  Avoid passing value outside [-1, 1] to f2xm1.
> 	* sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/e_powl.S (__ieee754_powl): Ensure possibly
> 	overflowing or underflowing operations take place with sign of
> 	result.
> 	* sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/e_pow.c [HAVE_FMA4_SUPPORT]:
> 	Include <math.h>.
> 	* math/auto-libm-test-in: Add more tests of pow.
> 	* math/auto-libm-test-out: Regenerated.
> 	* math/libm-test.inc (pow_test): Use ALL_RM_TEST.
> 	(pow_tonearest_test_data): Remove.
> 	(pow_test_tonearest): Likewise.
> 	(pow_towardzero_test_data): Likewise.
> 	(pow_test_towardzero): Likewise.
> 	(pow_downward_test_data): Likewise.
> 	(pow_test_downward): Likewise.
> 	(pow_upward_test_data): Likewise.
> 	(pow_test_upward): Likewise.
> 	(main): Don't call removed functions.
> 	* sysdeps/i386/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Update.
> 	* sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps: Likewise.
>
> diff --git a/math/auto-libm-test-in b/math/auto-libm-test-in
> index 6edad5a..0053340 100644
> --- a/math/auto-libm-test-in
> +++ b/math/auto-libm-test-in
> @@ -1613,6 +1613,71 @@ pow -max 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112
>   pow -max 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+113
>   pow -max max
>
> +pow -0x1p65 2
> +pow -0x1p65 3
> +pow -0x1p65 4
> +pow -0x1p65 5
> +pow -0x1p43 3
> +pow -0x1p43 4
> +pow -0x1p43 5
> +pow -0x1p33 4
> +pow -0x1p33 5
> +pow -0x1p26 5
> +pow -0x1p-65 -2
> +pow -0x1p-65 -3
> +pow -0x1p-65 -4
> +pow -0x1p-65 -5
> +pow -0x1p-43 -3
> +pow -0x1p-43 -4
> +pow -0x1p-43 -5
> +pow -0x1p-33 -4
> +pow -0x1p-33 -5
> +pow -0x1p-26 -5
> +
> +pow -0x1p513 2
> +pow -0x1p513 3
> +pow -0x1p513 4
> +pow -0x1p513 5
> +pow -0x1p342 3
> +pow -0x1p342 4
> +pow -0x1p342 5
> +pow -0x1p257 4
> +pow -0x1p257 5
> +pow -0x1p205 5
> +pow -0x1p-513 -2
> +pow -0x1p-513 -3
> +pow -0x1p-513 -4
> +pow -0x1p-513 -5
> +pow -0x1p-342 -3
> +pow -0x1p-342 -4
> +pow -0x1p-342 -5
> +pow -0x1p-257 -4
> +pow -0x1p-257 -5
> +pow -0x1p-205 -5
> +
> +pow -0x1p8192 2
> +pow -0x1p8192 3
> +pow -0x1p8192 4
> +pow -0x1p8192 5
> +pow -0x1p5462 3
> +pow -0x1p5462 4
> +pow -0x1p5462 5
> +pow -0x1p4097 4
> +pow -0x1p4097 5
> +pow -0x1p3277 5
> +pow -0x1p64 257
> +pow -0x1p-8192 -2
> +pow -0x1p-8192 -3
> +pow -0x1p-8192 -4
> +pow -0x1p-8192 -5
> +pow -0x1p-5462 -3
> +pow -0x1p-5462 -4
> +pow -0x1p-5462 -5
> +pow -0x1p-4097 -4
> +pow -0x1p-4097 -5
> +pow -0x1p-3277 -5
> +pow -0x1p-64 -257
> +
>   pow -0.5 126
>   pow -0.5 127
>   pow -0.5 -126
> diff --git a/math/libm-test.inc b/math/libm-test.inc
> index 0d467a2..365b2ba 100644
> --- a/math/libm-test.inc
> +++ b/math/libm-test.inc
> @@ -8695,69 +8695,7 @@ static const struct test_ff_f_data pow_test_data[] =
>   static void
>   pow_test (void)
>   {
> -
> -  START (pow, 0);
> -  RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f (pow, pow_test_data, );
> -  END;
> -}
> -
> -
> -static const struct test_ff_f_data pow_tonearest_test_data[] =
> -  {
> -    AUTO_TESTS_ff_f (pow),
> -  };
> -
> -static void
> -pow_test_tonearest (void)
> -{
> -  START (pow_tonearest, 0);
> -  RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f (pow, pow_tonearest_test_data, FE_TONEAREST);
> -  END;
> -}
> -
> -
> -static const struct test_ff_f_data pow_towardzero_test_data[] =
> -  {
> -    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.0625L, 1.125L, 1.070582293028761362162622578677070098674L),
> -    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.5L, 1.03125L, 1.519127098714743184071644334163037684948L),
> -  };
> -
> -static void
> -pow_test_towardzero (void)
> -{
> -  START (pow_towardzero, 0);
> -  RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f (pow, pow_towardzero_test_data, FE_TOWARDZERO);
> -  END;
> -}
> -
> -
> -static const struct test_ff_f_data pow_downward_test_data[] =
> -  {
> -    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.0625L, 1.125L, 1.070582293028761362162622578677070098674L),
> -    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.5L, 1.03125L, 1.519127098714743184071644334163037684948L),
> -  };
> -
> -static void
> -pow_test_downward (void)
> -{
> -  START (pow_downward, 0);
> -  RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f (pow, pow_downward_test_data, FE_DOWNWARD);
> -  END;
> -}
> -
> -
> -static const struct test_ff_f_data pow_upward_test_data[] =
> -  {
> -    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.0625L, 1.125L, 1.070582293028761362162622578677070098674L),
> -    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.5L, 1.03125L, 1.519127098714743184071644334163037684948L),
> -  };
> -
> -static void
> -pow_test_upward (void)
> -{
> -  START (pow_upward, 0);
> -  RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f (pow, pow_upward_test_data, FE_UPWARD);
> -  END;
> +  ALL_RM_TEST (pow, 0, pow_test_data, RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f, END);
>   }
>
>
> @@ -9940,10 +9878,6 @@ main (int argc, char **argv)
>     fabs_test ();
>     hypot_test ();
>     pow_test ();
> -  pow_test_tonearest ();
> -  pow_test_towardzero ();
> -  pow_test_downward ();
> -  pow_test_upward ();
>     sqrt_test ();
>
>     /* Error and gamma functions:  */
> diff --git a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow.S b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow.S
> index 8b641bb..efe3256 100644
> --- a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow.S
> +++ b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow.S
> @@ -144,12 +144,22 @@ ENTRY(__ieee754_pow)
>   4:	fldl	MO(one)		// 1 : x
>   	fxch
>
> +	/* If y is even, take the absolute value of x.  Otherwise,
> +	   ensure all intermediate values that might overflow have the
> +	   sign of x.  */
> +	testb	$1, %al
> +	jnz	6f
> +	fabs
> +
>   6:	shrdl	$1, %edx, %eax
>   	jnc	5f
>   	fxch
> +	fabs
>   	fmul	%st(1)		// x : ST*x
>   	fxch
> -5:	fmul	%st(0), %st	// x*x : ST*x
> +5:	fld	%st		// x : x : ST*x
> +	fabs			// |x| : x : ST*x
> +	fmulp			// |x|*x : ST*x
>   	shrl	$1, %edx
>   	movl	%eax, %ecx
>   	orl	%edx, %ecx
> @@ -207,27 +217,28 @@ ENTRY(__ieee754_pow)
>   	fxch			// fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
>   	f2xm1			// 2^fract(y*log2(x))-1 : int(y*log2(x))
>   	faddl	MO(one)		// 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
> -	fscale			// 2^fract(y*log2(x))*2^int(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
> -	fstp	%st(1)		// 2^fract(y*log2(x))*2^int(y*log2(x))
> +
> +	// Before scaling, we must negate if x is negative and y is an
> +	// odd integer.
>   	testb	$2, %dh
> -	jz	292f
> +	jz	291f
>   	// x is negative.  If y is an odd integer, negate the result.
> -	fldl	20(%esp)	// y : abs(result)
> -	fld	%st		// y : y : abs(result)
> -	fabs			// |y| : y : abs(result)
> -	fcompl	MO(p63)		// y : abs(result)
> +	fldl	20(%esp)	// y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
> +	fld	%st		// y : y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
> +	fabs			// |y| : y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
> +	fcompl	MO(p63)		// y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
>   	fnstsw
>   	sahf
> -	jnc	291f
> +	jnc	290f
>
>   	// We must find out whether y is an odd integer.
> -	fld	%st		// y : y : abs(result)
> -	fistpll	(%esp)		// y : abs(result)
> -	fildll	(%esp)		// int(y) : y : abs(result)
> -	fucompp			// abs(result)
> +	fld	%st		// y : y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
> +	fistpll	(%esp)		// y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
> +	fildll	(%esp)		// int(y) : y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
> +	fucompp			// 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
>   	fnstsw
>   	sahf
> -	jne	292f
> +	jne	291f
>
>   	// OK, the value is an integer, but is it odd?
>   	popl	%eax
> @@ -235,14 +246,17 @@ ENTRY(__ieee754_pow)
>   	popl	%edx
>   	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-4)
>   	andb	$1, %al
> -	jz	290f		// jump if not odd
> +	jz	292f		// jump if not odd
>   	// It's an odd integer.
>   	fchs
> -290:	ret
> +	jmp	292f
> +
>   	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (8)
> -291:	fstp	%st(0)		// abs(result)
> -292:	addl	$8, %esp
> +290:	fstp	%st(0)		// 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
> +291:	addl	$8, %esp
>   	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-8)
> +292:	fscale			// +/- 2^fract(y*log2(x))*2^int(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
> +	fstp	%st(1)		// +/- 2^fract(y*log2(x))*2^int(y*log2(x))
>   	ret
>
>
> diff --git a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powf.S b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powf.S
> index 89d30d8..3735654 100644
> --- a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powf.S
> +++ b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powf.S
> @@ -129,12 +129,22 @@ ENTRY(__ieee754_powf)
>   4:	fldl	MO(one)		// 1 : x
>   	fxch
>
> +	/* If y is even, take the absolute value of x.  Otherwise,
> +	   ensure all intermediate values that might overflow have the
> +	   sign of x.  */
> +	testb	$1, %dl
> +	jnz	6f
> +	fabs
> +
>   6:	shrl	$1, %edx
>   	jnc	5f
>   	fxch
> +	fabs
>   	fmul	%st(1)		// x : ST*x
>   	fxch
> -5:	fmul	%st(0), %st	// x*x : ST*x
> +5:	fld	%st		// x : x : ST*x
> +	fabs			// |x| : x : ST*x
> +	fmulp			// |x|*x : ST*x
>   	testl	%edx, %edx
>   	jnz	6b
>   	fstp	%st(0)		// ST*x
> diff --git a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powl.S b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powl.S
> index cc6dcd1..44cf238 100644
> --- a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powl.S
> +++ b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powl.S
> @@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
>   	fcompl	MO(p3)		// y : x
>   	fnstsw
>   	sahf
> -	jnc	2f
> +	jnc	3f
>   	popl	%eax
>   	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-4)
>   	popl	%edx
> @@ -166,12 +166,22 @@ ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
>   4:	fldl	MO(one)		// 1 : x
>   	fxch
>
> +	/* If y is even, take the absolute value of x.  Otherwise,
> +	   ensure all intermediate values that might overflow have the
> +	   sign of x.  */
> +	testb	$1, %al
> +	jnz	6f
> +	fabs
> +
>   6:	shrdl	$1, %edx, %eax
>   	jnc	5f
>   	fxch
> +	fabs
>   	fmul	%st(1)		// x : ST*x
>   	fxch
> -5:	fmul	%st(0), %st	// x*x : ST*x
> +5:	fld	%st		// x : x : ST*x
> +	fabs			// |x| : x : ST*x
> +	fmulp			// |x|*x : ST*x
>   	shrl	$1, %edx
>   	movl	%eax, %ecx
>   	orl	%edx, %ecx
> @@ -198,79 +208,31 @@ ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
>
>   	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (8)
>   	.align ALIGNARG(4)
> -2:	// y is a large integer (absolute value at least 8), but
> -	// may be odd unless at least 1L<<64.  So it may be necessary
> -	// to adjust the sign of a negative result afterwards.
> -	fxch			// x : y
> -	fabs			// |x| : y
> -	fxch			// y : |x|
> +2:	// y is a large integer (absolute value at least 1L<<63).
>   	// If y has absolute value at least 1L<<78, then any finite
>   	// nonzero x will result in 0 (underflow), 1 or infinity (overflow).
>   	// Saturate y to those bounds to avoid overflow in the calculation
>   	// of y*log2(x).
> -	fld	%st		// y : y : |x|
> -	fabs			// |y| : y : |x|
> -	fcompl	MO(p78)		// y : |x|
> +	fld	%st		// y : y : x
> +	fabs			// |y| : y : x
> +	fcompl	MO(p78)		// y : x
>   	fnstsw
>   	sahf
>   	jc	3f
>   	fstp	%st(0)		// pop y
> -	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : |x|
> +	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : x
>   	testb	$2, %dl
>   	jz	3f		// y > 0
> -	fchs			// -(1L<<78) : |x|
> +	fchs			// -(1L<<78) : x
>   	.align ALIGNARG(4)
>   3:	/* y is a real number.  */
>   	subl	$28, %esp
>   	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (28)
>   	fstpt	12(%esp)	// x
>   	fstpt	(%esp)		// <empty>
> -	mov	%edx, 24(%esp)
>   	call	HIDDEN_JUMPTARGET (__powl_helper)	// <result>
> -	mov	24(%esp), %edx
> -	addl	$28, %esp
> -	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-28)
> -	testb	$2, %dh
> -	jz	292f
> -	// x is negative.  If y is an odd integer, negate the result.
> -#ifdef	PIC
> -	LOAD_PIC_REG (cx)
> -#endif
> -	fldt	24(%esp)	// y : abs(result)
> -	fld	%st		// y : y : abs(result)
> -	fabs			// |y| : y : abs(result)
> -	fcompl	MO(p64)		// y : abs(result)
> -	fnstsw
> -	sahf
> -	jnc	291f
> -	fldl	MO(p63)		// p63 : y : abs(result)
> -	fxch			// y : p63 : abs(result)
> -	fprem			// y%p63 : p63 : abs(result)
> -	fstp	%st(1)		// y%p63 : abs(result)
> -
> -	// We must find out whether y is an odd integer.
> -	fld	%st		// y : y : abs(result)
> -	fistpll	(%esp)		// y : abs(result)
> -	fildll	(%esp)		// int(y) : y : abs(result)
> -	fucompp			// abs(result)
> -	fnstsw
> -	sahf
> -	jne	292f
> -
> -	// OK, the value is an integer, but is it odd?
> -	popl	%eax
> -	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-4)
> -	popl	%edx
> -	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-4)
> -	andb	$1, %al
> -	jz	290f		// jump if not odd
> -	// It's an odd integer.
> -	fchs
> -290:	ret
> -	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (8)
> -291:	fstp	%st(0)		// abs(result)
> -292:	addl	$8, %esp
> -	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-8)
> +	addl	$36, %esp
> +	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-36)
>   	ret
>
>   	// pow(x,�0) = 1
> diff --git a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/libm-test-ulps b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/libm-test-ulps
> index 1e89284..e8a2c0d 100644
> --- a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/libm-test-ulps
> +++ b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/libm-test-ulps
> @@ -1637,6 +1637,8 @@ double: 1
>   float: 1
>   idouble: 1
>   ifloat: 1
> +ildouble: 4
> +ldouble: 4
>
>   Function: "pow_tonearest":
>   ildouble: 1
> @@ -1647,14 +1649,16 @@ double: 1
>   float: 1
>   idouble: 1
>   ifloat: 1
> +ildouble: 1
> +ldouble: 1
>
>   Function: "pow_upward":
>   double: 1
>   float: 1
>   idouble: 1
>   ifloat: 1
> -ildouble: 1
> -ldouble: 1
> +ildouble: 2
> +ldouble: 2
>
>   Function: "sin":
>   ildouble: 1
> diff --git a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c
> index 1c5f4b3..2dd66d8 100644
> --- a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c
> +++ b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c
> @@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
>   /* round to nearest mode of IEEE 754 standard.                             */
>   /*                                                                         */
>   /***************************************************************************/
> +#include <math.h>
>   #include "endian.h"
>   #include "upow.h"
>   #include <dla.h>
> @@ -91,27 +92,33 @@ __ieee754_pow (double x, double y)
>       {				/* if y<-1 or y>1   */
>         double retval;
>
> -      SET_RESTORE_ROUND (FE_TONEAREST);
> +      {
> +	SET_RESTORE_ROUND (FE_TONEAREST);
>
> -      /* Avoid internal underflow for tiny y.  The exact value of y does
> -         not matter if |y| <= 2**-64.  */
> -      if (ABS (y) < 0x1p-64)
> -	y = y < 0 ? -0x1p-64 : 0x1p-64;
> -      z = log1 (x, &aa, &error);	/* x^y  =e^(y log (X)) */
> -      t = y * CN;
> -      y1 = t - (t - y);
> -      y2 = y - y1;
> -      t = z * CN;
> -      a1 = t - (t - z);
> -      a2 = (z - a1) + aa;
> -      a = y1 * a1;
> -      aa = y2 * a1 + y * a2;
> -      a1 = a + aa;
> -      a2 = (a - a1) + aa;
> -      error = error * ABS (y);
> -      t = __exp1 (a1, a2, 1.9e16 * error);	/* return -10 or 0 if wasn't computed exactly */
> -      retval = (t > 0) ? t : power1 (x, y);
> +	/* Avoid internal underflow for tiny y.  The exact value of y does
> +	   not matter if |y| <= 2**-64.  */
> +	if (ABS (y) < 0x1p-64)
> +	  y = y < 0 ? -0x1p-64 : 0x1p-64;
> +	z = log1 (x, &aa, &error);	/* x^y  =e^(y log (X)) */
> +	t = y * CN;
> +	y1 = t - (t - y);
> +	y2 = y - y1;
> +	t = z * CN;
> +	a1 = t - (t - z);
> +	a2 = (z - a1) + aa;
> +	a = y1 * a1;
> +	aa = y2 * a1 + y * a2;
> +	a1 = a + aa;
> +	a2 = (a - a1) + aa;
> +	error = error * ABS (y);
> +	t = __exp1 (a1, a2, 1.9e16 * error);	/* return -10 or 0 if wasn't computed exactly */
> +	retval = (t > 0) ? t : power1 (x, y);
> +      }
>
> +      if (__isinf (retval))
> +	retval = huge * huge;
> +      else if (retval == 0)
> +	retval = tiny * tiny;
>         return retval;
>       }
>
> @@ -164,7 +171,21 @@ __ieee754_pow (double x, double y)
>   	    return y < 0 ? 0.0 : INF.x;
>   	}
>         /* if y even or odd */
> -      return (k == 1) ? __ieee754_pow (-x, y) : -__ieee754_pow (-x, y);
> +      if (k == 1)
> +	return __ieee754_pow (-x, y);
> +      else
> +	{
> +	  double retval;
> +	  {
> +	    SET_RESTORE_ROUND (FE_TONEAREST);
> +	    retval = -__ieee754_pow (-x, y);
> +	  }
> +	  if (__isinf (retval))
> +	    retval = -huge * huge;
> +	  else if (retval == 0)
> +	    retval = -tiny * tiny;
> +	  return retval;
> +	}
>       }
>     /* x>0 */
>
> diff --git a/sysdeps/x86/fpu/powl_helper.c b/sysdeps/x86/fpu/powl_helper.c
> index c9c92e1..b4b5bd6 100644
> --- a/sysdeps/x86/fpu/powl_helper.c
> +++ b/sysdeps/x86/fpu/powl_helper.c
> @@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
>
>   #include <math.h>
>   #include <math_private.h>
> +#include <stdbool.h>
>
>   /* High parts and low parts of -log (k/16), for integer k from 12 to
>      24.  */
> @@ -63,15 +64,32 @@ acc_split (long double *rhi, long double *rlo, long double hi, long double lo,
>   extern long double __powl_helper (long double x, long double y);
>   libm_hidden_proto (__powl_helper)
>
> -/* Given X a value that is finite and nonzero, or a NaN, and only
> -   negative if Y is not an integer, and Y a finite nonzero value with
> -   0x1p-79 <= |Y| <= 0x1p78, compute X to the power Y.  */
> +/* Given X a value that is finite and nonzero, or a NaN, and Y a
> +   finite nonzero value with 0x1p-79 <= |Y| <= 0x1p78, compute X to
> +   the power Y.  */
>
>   long double
>   __powl_helper (long double x, long double y)
>   {
> -  if (isnan (x) || x < 0)
> +  if (isnan (x))
>       return __ieee754_expl (y * __ieee754_logl (x));
> +  bool negate;
> +  if (x < 0)
> +    {
> +      long double absy = fabsl (y);
> +      if (absy >= 0x1p64L)
> +	negate = false;
> +      else
> +	{
> +	  unsigned long long yll = absy;
> +	  if (yll != absy)
> +	    return __ieee754_expl (y * __ieee754_logl (x));
> +	  negate = (yll & 1) != 0;
> +	}
> +      x = fabsl (x);
> +    }
> +  else
> +    negate = false;
>
>     /* We need to compute Y * log2 (X) to at least 64 bits after the
>        point for normal results (that is, to at least 78 bits
> @@ -199,11 +217,17 @@ __powl_helper (long double x, long double y)
>        fractional parts.  */
>     long double log2_res_int = __roundl (log2_res_hi);
>     long double log2_res_frac = log2_res_hi - log2_res_int + log2_res_lo;
> +  /* If the integer part is very large, the computed fractional part
> +     may be outside the valid range for f2xm1.  */
> +  if (fabsl (log2_res_int) > 16500)
> +    log2_res_frac = 0;
>
>     /* Compute the final result.  */
>     long double res;
>     asm ("f2xm1" : "=t" (res) : "0" (log2_res_frac));
>     res += 1.0L;
> +  if (negate)
> +    res = -res;
>     asm ("fscale" : "=t" (res) : "0" (res), "u" (log2_res_int));
>     return res;
>   }
> diff --git a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/e_powl.S b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/e_powl.S
> index 47f129f..a960a1f 100644
> --- a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/e_powl.S
> +++ b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/e_powl.S
> @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
>   	fabs			// |y| : 8 : y : x
>   	fcomip	%st(1), %st	// 8 : y : x
>   	fstp	%st(0)		// y : x
> -	jnc	2f
> +	jnc	3f
>   	mov	-8(%rsp),%eax
>   	mov	-4(%rsp),%edx
>   	orl	$0, %edx
> @@ -154,12 +154,22 @@ ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
>   4:	fldl	MO(one)		// 1 : x
>   	fxch
>
> +	/* If y is even, take the absolute value of x.  Otherwise,
> +	   ensure all intermediate values that might overflow have the
> +	   sign of x.  */
> +	testb	$1, %al
> +	jnz	6f
> +	fabs
> +
>   6:	shrdl	$1, %edx, %eax
>   	jnc	5f
>   	fxch
> +	fabs
>   	fmul	%st(1)		// x : ST*x
>   	fxch
> -5:	fmul	%st(0), %st	// x*x : ST*x
> +5:	fld	%st		// x : x : ST*x
> +	fabs			// |x| : x : ST*x
> +	fmulp			// |x|*x : ST*x
>   	shrl	$1, %edx
>   	movl	%eax, %ecx
>   	orl	%edx, %ecx
> @@ -177,71 +187,32 @@ ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
>   	ret
>
>   	.align ALIGNARG(4)
> -2:	// y is a large integer (absolute value at least 8), but
> -	// may be odd unless at least 1L<<64.  So it may be necessary
> -	// to adjust the sign of a negative result afterwards.
> -	fxch			// x : y
> -	fabs			// |x| : y
> -	fxch			// y : |x|
> +2:	// y is a large integer (absolute value at least 1L<<63).
>   	// If y has absolute value at least 1L<<78, then any finite
>   	// nonzero x will result in 0 (underflow), 1 or infinity (overflow).
>   	// Saturate y to those bounds to avoid overflow in the calculation
>   	// of y*log2(x).
> -	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : y : |x|
> -	fld	%st(1)		// y : 1L<<78 : y : |x|
> -	fabs			// |y| : 1L<<78 : y : |x|
> -	fcomip	%st(1), %st	// 1L<<78 : y : |x|
> -	fstp	%st(0)		// y : |x|
> +	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : y : x
> +	fld	%st(1)		// y : 1L<<78 : y : x
> +	fabs			// |y| : 1L<<78 : y : x
> +	fcomip	%st(1), %st	// 1L<<78 : y : x
> +	fstp	%st(0)		// y : x
>   	jc	3f
>   	fstp	%st(0)		// pop y
> -	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : |x|
> +	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : x
>   	testb	$2, %dl
>   	jz	3f		// y > 0
> -	fchs			// -(1L<<78) : |x|
> +	fchs			// -(1L<<78) : x
>   	.align ALIGNARG(4)
>   3:	/* y is a real number.  */
>   	subq	$40, %rsp
>   	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (40)
>   	fstpt	16(%rsp)	// x
>   	fstpt	(%rsp)		// <empty>
> -	mov	%edx, 32(%rsp)
>   	call	HIDDEN_JUMPTARGET (__powl_helper)	// <result>
> -	mov	32(%rsp), %edx
>   	addq	$40, %rsp
>   	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-40)
> -	testb	$2, %dh
> -	jz	292f
> -	// x is negative.  If y is an odd integer, negate the result.
> -	fldt	24(%rsp)	// y : abs(result)
> -	fldl	MO(p64)		// 1L<<64 : y : abs(result)
> -	fld	%st(1)		// y : 1L<<64 : y : abs(result)
> -	fabs			// |y| : 1L<<64 : y : abs(result)
> -	fcomip	%st(1), %st	// 1L<<64 : y : abs(result)
> -	fstp	%st(0)		// y : abs(result)
> -	jnc	291f
> -	fldl	MO(p63)		// p63 : y : abs(result)
> -	fxch			// y : p63 : abs(result)
> -	fprem			// y%p63 : p63 : abs(result)
> -	fstp	%st(1)		// y%p63 : abs(result)
> -
> -	// We must find out whether y is an odd integer.
> -	fld	%st		// y : y : abs(result)
> -	fistpll	-8(%rsp)	// y : abs(result)
> -	fildll	-8(%rsp)	// int(y) : y : abs(result)
> -	fucomip	%st(1),%st	// y : abs(result)
> -	ffreep	%st		// abs(result)
> -	jne	292f
> -
> -	// OK, the value is an integer, but is it odd?
> -	mov	-8(%rsp), %eax
> -	mov	-4(%rsp), %edx
> -	andb	$1, %al
> -	jz	290f		// jump if not odd
> -	// It's an odd integer.
> -	fchs
> -290:	ret
> -291:	fstp	%st(0)		// abs(result)
> -292:	ret
> +	ret
>
>   	// pow(x,�0) = 1
>   	.align ALIGNARG(4)
> diff --git a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps
> index bb549d2..41e7025 100644
> --- a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps
> +++ b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps
> @@ -1714,8 +1714,12 @@ ildouble: 1
>   ldouble: 1
>
>   Function: "pow_downward":
> +double: 1
>   float: 1
> +idouble: 1
>   ifloat: 1
> +ildouble: 4
> +ldouble: 4
>
>   Function: "pow_tonearest":
>   float: 1
> @@ -1724,14 +1728,20 @@ ildouble: 1
>   ldouble: 1
>
>   Function: "pow_towardzero":
> +double: 1
>   float: 1
> +idouble: 1
>   ifloat: 1
> +ildouble: 1
> +ldouble: 1
>
>   Function: "pow_upward":
> +double: 1
>   float: 1
> +idouble: 1
>   ifloat: 1
> -ildouble: 1
> -ldouble: 1
> +ildouble: 2
> +ldouble: 2
>
>   Function: "sin":
>   ildouble: 1
> diff --git a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/e_pow.c b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/e_pow.c
> index a740b6c..433cce0 100644
> --- a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/e_pow.c
> +++ b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/e_pow.c
> @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
>   #ifdef HAVE_FMA4_SUPPORT
>   # include <init-arch.h>
> +# include <math.h>
>   # include <math_private.h>
>
>   extern double __ieee754_pow_sse2 (double, double);
>
testing long double (without inline functions)
Failure: expm1 (0x4.0000000000000028p-16384): Exception "Underflow" set
Failure: expm1_downward (0x4.0000000000000028p-16384): Exception "Underflow" set
Failure: expm1_towardzero (0x4.0000000000000028p-16384): Exception "Underflow" set
Failure: expm1_upward (0x4.0000000000000028p-16384): Exception "Underflow" set
Failure: pow_downward (-0x2p+0, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x2p+0, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x2p+0, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x2p+0, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x2p+0, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x2p+0, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x2p+0, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x2p+0, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x2p-16384, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x2p-16384, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x2p-16384, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x2p-16384, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x2p-16384, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x2p-16384, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x2p-16384, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x2p-16384, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-1024, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-1024, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-1024, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-1024, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-1024, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-1024, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-1024, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-1024, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-128, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-128, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-128, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-128, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-128, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-128, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-128, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-128, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-16384, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-16384, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-16384, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-16384, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-16384, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-16384, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x4p-16384, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x4p-16384, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x8p-4, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x8p-4, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x8p-4, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x8p-4, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x8p-4, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x8p-4, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x8p-4, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x8p-4, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x8p-972, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x8p-972, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x8p-972, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x8p-972, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x8p-972, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x8p-972, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0x8p-972, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0x8p-972, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_downward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -inf  -inf
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x2p+0, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x2p+0, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x2p+0, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x2p+0, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x2p-16384, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x2p-16384, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x2p-16384, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x2p-16384, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-1024, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-1024, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-1024, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-1024, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-128, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-128, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-128, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-128, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-16384, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-16384, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-16384, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x4p-16384, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x8p-4, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x8p-4, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x8p-4, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x8p-4, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x8p-972, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x8p-972, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x8p-972, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0x8p-972, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: Test: pow_towardzero (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:          1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 difference:  1.18973149535723176508e+4932   0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
 ulp       :  10384593717069655257060992658440191.0000
 max.ulp   :  1.0000
Failure: pow_upward (-0x2p+0, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x2p+0, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x2p+0, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x2p+0, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x2p+0, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x2p+0, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x2p+0, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x2p+0, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x2p-16384, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x2p-16384, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x2p-16384, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x2p-16384, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: pow_upward (-0x2p-16384, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x2p-16384, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x2p-16384, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x2p-16384, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-1024, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-1024, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-1024, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-1024, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-1024, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-1024, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-1024, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-1024, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-128, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-128, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-128, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-128, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-128, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-128, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-128, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-128, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-16384, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-16384, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-16384, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x4p-16384, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-16384, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-16384, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-16384, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x4p-16384, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x8p-4, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x8p-4, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x8p-4, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x8p-4, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: pow_upward (-0x8p-4, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x8p-4, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x8p-4, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x8p-4, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x8p-972, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x8p-972, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x8p-972, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0x8p-972, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: pow_upward (-0x8p-972, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x8p-972, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x8p-972, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0x8p-972, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffff8p+1020, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.ffffffffffffbffffffffffffcp+1020, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffffffffffffff8p+16380, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffffffffffffp+16380, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffp+124, -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffp+124, -0x1.fffffffffffffp+52): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffp+124, -0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffp+124, -0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60): errno set to 0, expected 34 (ERANGE)
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x1.fffffffffffffp+52)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0x3.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+104)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383
Failure: Test: pow_upward (-0xf.fffffp+124, 0xf.fffffffffffffffp+60)
Result:
 is:         -inf  -inf
 should be:  -1.18973149535723176508e+4932  -0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffp+16383

Test suite completed:
  97657 test cases plus 95057 tests for exception flags and
    95057 tests for errno executed.
  244 errors occurred.
  
Joseph Myers June 26, 2014, 1:36 p.m. UTC | #6
On Thu, 26 Jun 2014, Stefan Liebler wrote:

> Hi Joseph,
> 
> on S390 test-ldouble/test-ildoubl fails after testing in all rounding modes.
> (see out-file; the expm1l failures does not belong to this patch)
> But I haven't debugged it yet.

Well, this patch didn't touch ldbl-128/e_powl.c, so I think this indicates 
pre-existing bugs that the newly enabled tests show up (including cases 
where even the sign of the result is wrong).
  
Stefan Liebler June 30, 2014, 10:51 a.m. UTC | #7
Hi Joseph,

you´re patch 
https://www.sourceware.org/ml/libc-alpha/2014-06/msg00904.html fixes the 
lpow issues on s390/s390x.

Thanks

On 06/26/2014 03:36 PM, Joseph S. Myers wrote:
> On Thu, 26 Jun 2014, Stefan Liebler wrote:
>
>> Hi Joseph,
>>
>> on S390 test-ldouble/test-ildoubl fails after testing in all rounding modes.
>> (see out-file; the expm1l failures does not belong to this patch)
>> But I haven't debugged it yet.
>
> Well, this patch didn't touch ldbl-128/e_powl.c, so I think this indicates
> pre-existing bugs that the newly enabled tests show up (including cases
> where even the sign of the result is wrong).
>
  

Patch

diff --git a/math/auto-libm-test-in b/math/auto-libm-test-in
index 6edad5a..0053340 100644
--- a/math/auto-libm-test-in
+++ b/math/auto-libm-test-in
@@ -1613,6 +1613,71 @@  pow -max 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+112
 pow -max 0x1.ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffp+113
 pow -max max
 
+pow -0x1p65 2
+pow -0x1p65 3
+pow -0x1p65 4
+pow -0x1p65 5
+pow -0x1p43 3
+pow -0x1p43 4
+pow -0x1p43 5
+pow -0x1p33 4
+pow -0x1p33 5
+pow -0x1p26 5
+pow -0x1p-65 -2
+pow -0x1p-65 -3
+pow -0x1p-65 -4
+pow -0x1p-65 -5
+pow -0x1p-43 -3
+pow -0x1p-43 -4
+pow -0x1p-43 -5
+pow -0x1p-33 -4
+pow -0x1p-33 -5
+pow -0x1p-26 -5
+
+pow -0x1p513 2
+pow -0x1p513 3
+pow -0x1p513 4
+pow -0x1p513 5
+pow -0x1p342 3
+pow -0x1p342 4
+pow -0x1p342 5
+pow -0x1p257 4
+pow -0x1p257 5
+pow -0x1p205 5
+pow -0x1p-513 -2
+pow -0x1p-513 -3
+pow -0x1p-513 -4
+pow -0x1p-513 -5
+pow -0x1p-342 -3
+pow -0x1p-342 -4
+pow -0x1p-342 -5
+pow -0x1p-257 -4
+pow -0x1p-257 -5
+pow -0x1p-205 -5
+
+pow -0x1p8192 2
+pow -0x1p8192 3
+pow -0x1p8192 4
+pow -0x1p8192 5
+pow -0x1p5462 3
+pow -0x1p5462 4
+pow -0x1p5462 5
+pow -0x1p4097 4
+pow -0x1p4097 5
+pow -0x1p3277 5
+pow -0x1p64 257
+pow -0x1p-8192 -2
+pow -0x1p-8192 -3
+pow -0x1p-8192 -4
+pow -0x1p-8192 -5
+pow -0x1p-5462 -3
+pow -0x1p-5462 -4
+pow -0x1p-5462 -5
+pow -0x1p-4097 -4
+pow -0x1p-4097 -5
+pow -0x1p-3277 -5
+pow -0x1p-64 -257
+
 pow -0.5 126
 pow -0.5 127
 pow -0.5 -126
diff --git a/math/libm-test.inc b/math/libm-test.inc
index 0d467a2..365b2ba 100644
--- a/math/libm-test.inc
+++ b/math/libm-test.inc
@@ -8695,69 +8695,7 @@  static const struct test_ff_f_data pow_test_data[] =
 static void
 pow_test (void)
 {
-
-  START (pow, 0);
-  RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f (pow, pow_test_data, );
-  END;
-}
-
-
-static const struct test_ff_f_data pow_tonearest_test_data[] =
-  {
-    AUTO_TESTS_ff_f (pow),
-  };
-
-static void
-pow_test_tonearest (void)
-{
-  START (pow_tonearest, 0);
-  RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f (pow, pow_tonearest_test_data, FE_TONEAREST);
-  END;
-}
-
-
-static const struct test_ff_f_data pow_towardzero_test_data[] =
-  {
-    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.0625L, 1.125L, 1.070582293028761362162622578677070098674L),
-    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.5L, 1.03125L, 1.519127098714743184071644334163037684948L),
-  };
-
-static void
-pow_test_towardzero (void)
-{
-  START (pow_towardzero, 0);
-  RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f (pow, pow_towardzero_test_data, FE_TOWARDZERO);
-  END;
-}
-
-
-static const struct test_ff_f_data pow_downward_test_data[] =
-  {
-    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.0625L, 1.125L, 1.070582293028761362162622578677070098674L),
-    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.5L, 1.03125L, 1.519127098714743184071644334163037684948L),
-  };
-
-static void
-pow_test_downward (void)
-{
-  START (pow_downward, 0);
-  RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f (pow, pow_downward_test_data, FE_DOWNWARD);
-  END;
-}
-
-
-static const struct test_ff_f_data pow_upward_test_data[] =
-  {
-    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.0625L, 1.125L, 1.070582293028761362162622578677070098674L),
-    TEST_ff_f (pow, 1.5L, 1.03125L, 1.519127098714743184071644334163037684948L),
-  };
-
-static void
-pow_test_upward (void)
-{
-  START (pow_upward, 0);
-  RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f (pow, pow_upward_test_data, FE_UPWARD);
-  END;
+  ALL_RM_TEST (pow, 0, pow_test_data, RUN_TEST_LOOP_ff_f, END);
 }
 
 
@@ -9940,10 +9878,6 @@  main (int argc, char **argv)
   fabs_test ();
   hypot_test ();
   pow_test ();
-  pow_test_tonearest ();
-  pow_test_towardzero ();
-  pow_test_downward ();
-  pow_test_upward ();
   sqrt_test ();
 
   /* Error and gamma functions:  */
diff --git a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow.S b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow.S
index 8b641bb..efe3256 100644
--- a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow.S
+++ b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_pow.S
@@ -144,12 +144,22 @@  ENTRY(__ieee754_pow)
 4:	fldl	MO(one)		// 1 : x
 	fxch
 
+	/* If y is even, take the absolute value of x.  Otherwise,
+	   ensure all intermediate values that might overflow have the
+	   sign of x.  */
+	testb	$1, %al
+	jnz	6f
+	fabs
+
 6:	shrdl	$1, %edx, %eax
 	jnc	5f
 	fxch
+	fabs
 	fmul	%st(1)		// x : ST*x
 	fxch
-5:	fmul	%st(0), %st	// x*x : ST*x
+5:	fld	%st		// x : x : ST*x
+	fabs			// |x| : x : ST*x
+	fmulp			// |x|*x : ST*x
 	shrl	$1, %edx
 	movl	%eax, %ecx
 	orl	%edx, %ecx
@@ -207,27 +217,28 @@  ENTRY(__ieee754_pow)
 	fxch			// fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
 	f2xm1			// 2^fract(y*log2(x))-1 : int(y*log2(x))
 	faddl	MO(one)		// 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
-	fscale			// 2^fract(y*log2(x))*2^int(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
-	fstp	%st(1)		// 2^fract(y*log2(x))*2^int(y*log2(x))
+
+	// Before scaling, we must negate if x is negative and y is an
+	// odd integer.
 	testb	$2, %dh
-	jz	292f
+	jz	291f
 	// x is negative.  If y is an odd integer, negate the result.
-	fldl	20(%esp)	// y : abs(result)
-	fld	%st		// y : y : abs(result)
-	fabs			// |y| : y : abs(result)
-	fcompl	MO(p63)		// y : abs(result)
+	fldl	20(%esp)	// y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
+	fld	%st		// y : y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
+	fabs			// |y| : y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
+	fcompl	MO(p63)		// y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
 	fnstsw
 	sahf
-	jnc	291f
+	jnc	290f
 
 	// We must find out whether y is an odd integer.
-	fld	%st		// y : y : abs(result)
-	fistpll	(%esp)		// y : abs(result)
-	fildll	(%esp)		// int(y) : y : abs(result)
-	fucompp			// abs(result)
+	fld	%st		// y : y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
+	fistpll	(%esp)		// y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
+	fildll	(%esp)		// int(y) : y : 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
+	fucompp			// 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
 	fnstsw
 	sahf
-	jne	292f
+	jne	291f
 
 	// OK, the value is an integer, but is it odd?
 	popl	%eax
@@ -235,14 +246,17 @@  ENTRY(__ieee754_pow)
 	popl	%edx
 	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-4)
 	andb	$1, %al
-	jz	290f		// jump if not odd
+	jz	292f		// jump if not odd
 	// It's an odd integer.
 	fchs
-290:	ret
+	jmp	292f
+
 	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (8)
-291:	fstp	%st(0)		// abs(result)
-292:	addl	$8, %esp
+290:	fstp	%st(0)		// 2^fract(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
+291:	addl	$8, %esp
 	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-8)
+292:	fscale			// +/- 2^fract(y*log2(x))*2^int(y*log2(x)) : int(y*log2(x))
+	fstp	%st(1)		// +/- 2^fract(y*log2(x))*2^int(y*log2(x))
 	ret
 
 
diff --git a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powf.S b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powf.S
index 89d30d8..3735654 100644
--- a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powf.S
+++ b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powf.S
@@ -129,12 +129,22 @@  ENTRY(__ieee754_powf)
 4:	fldl	MO(one)		// 1 : x
 	fxch
 
+	/* If y is even, take the absolute value of x.  Otherwise,
+	   ensure all intermediate values that might overflow have the
+	   sign of x.  */
+	testb	$1, %dl
+	jnz	6f
+	fabs
+
 6:	shrl	$1, %edx
 	jnc	5f
 	fxch
+	fabs
 	fmul	%st(1)		// x : ST*x
 	fxch
-5:	fmul	%st(0), %st	// x*x : ST*x
+5:	fld	%st		// x : x : ST*x
+	fabs			// |x| : x : ST*x
+	fmulp			// |x|*x : ST*x
 	testl	%edx, %edx
 	jnz	6b
 	fstp	%st(0)		// ST*x
diff --git a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powl.S b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powl.S
index cc6dcd1..44cf238 100644
--- a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powl.S
+++ b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/e_powl.S
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@  ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
 	fcompl	MO(p3)		// y : x
 	fnstsw
 	sahf
-	jnc	2f
+	jnc	3f
 	popl	%eax
 	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-4)
 	popl	%edx
@@ -166,12 +166,22 @@  ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
 4:	fldl	MO(one)		// 1 : x
 	fxch
 
+	/* If y is even, take the absolute value of x.  Otherwise,
+	   ensure all intermediate values that might overflow have the
+	   sign of x.  */
+	testb	$1, %al
+	jnz	6f
+	fabs
+
 6:	shrdl	$1, %edx, %eax
 	jnc	5f
 	fxch
+	fabs
 	fmul	%st(1)		// x : ST*x
 	fxch
-5:	fmul	%st(0), %st	// x*x : ST*x
+5:	fld	%st		// x : x : ST*x
+	fabs			// |x| : x : ST*x
+	fmulp			// |x|*x : ST*x
 	shrl	$1, %edx
 	movl	%eax, %ecx
 	orl	%edx, %ecx
@@ -198,79 +208,31 @@  ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
 
 	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (8)
 	.align ALIGNARG(4)
-2:	// y is a large integer (absolute value at least 8), but
-	// may be odd unless at least 1L<<64.  So it may be necessary
-	// to adjust the sign of a negative result afterwards.
-	fxch			// x : y
-	fabs			// |x| : y
-	fxch			// y : |x|
+2:	// y is a large integer (absolute value at least 1L<<63).
 	// If y has absolute value at least 1L<<78, then any finite
 	// nonzero x will result in 0 (underflow), 1 or infinity (overflow).
 	// Saturate y to those bounds to avoid overflow in the calculation
 	// of y*log2(x).
-	fld	%st		// y : y : |x|
-	fabs			// |y| : y : |x|
-	fcompl	MO(p78)		// y : |x|
+	fld	%st		// y : y : x
+	fabs			// |y| : y : x
+	fcompl	MO(p78)		// y : x
 	fnstsw
 	sahf
 	jc	3f
 	fstp	%st(0)		// pop y
-	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : |x|
+	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : x
 	testb	$2, %dl
 	jz	3f		// y > 0
-	fchs			// -(1L<<78) : |x|
+	fchs			// -(1L<<78) : x
 	.align ALIGNARG(4)
 3:	/* y is a real number.  */
 	subl	$28, %esp
 	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (28)
 	fstpt	12(%esp)	// x
 	fstpt	(%esp)		// <empty>
-	mov	%edx, 24(%esp)
 	call	HIDDEN_JUMPTARGET (__powl_helper)	// <result>
-	mov	24(%esp), %edx
-	addl	$28, %esp
-	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-28)
-	testb	$2, %dh
-	jz	292f
-	// x is negative.  If y is an odd integer, negate the result.
-#ifdef	PIC
-	LOAD_PIC_REG (cx)
-#endif
-	fldt	24(%esp)	// y : abs(result)
-	fld	%st		// y : y : abs(result)
-	fabs			// |y| : y : abs(result)
-	fcompl	MO(p64)		// y : abs(result)
-	fnstsw
-	sahf
-	jnc	291f
-	fldl	MO(p63)		// p63 : y : abs(result)
-	fxch			// y : p63 : abs(result)
-	fprem			// y%p63 : p63 : abs(result)
-	fstp	%st(1)		// y%p63 : abs(result)
-
-	// We must find out whether y is an odd integer.
-	fld	%st		// y : y : abs(result)
-	fistpll	(%esp)		// y : abs(result)
-	fildll	(%esp)		// int(y) : y : abs(result)
-	fucompp			// abs(result)
-	fnstsw
-	sahf
-	jne	292f
-
-	// OK, the value is an integer, but is it odd?
-	popl	%eax
-	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-4)
-	popl	%edx
-	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-4)
-	andb	$1, %al
-	jz	290f		// jump if not odd
-	// It's an odd integer.
-	fchs
-290:	ret
-	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (8)
-291:	fstp	%st(0)		// abs(result)
-292:	addl	$8, %esp
-	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-8)
+	addl	$36, %esp
+	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-36)
 	ret
 
 	// pow(x,±0) = 1
diff --git a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/libm-test-ulps b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/libm-test-ulps
index 1e89284..e8a2c0d 100644
--- a/sysdeps/i386/fpu/libm-test-ulps
+++ b/sysdeps/i386/fpu/libm-test-ulps
@@ -1637,6 +1637,8 @@  double: 1
 float: 1
 idouble: 1
 ifloat: 1
+ildouble: 4
+ldouble: 4
 
 Function: "pow_tonearest":
 ildouble: 1
@@ -1647,14 +1649,16 @@  double: 1
 float: 1
 idouble: 1
 ifloat: 1
+ildouble: 1
+ldouble: 1
 
 Function: "pow_upward":
 double: 1
 float: 1
 idouble: 1
 ifloat: 1
-ildouble: 1
-ldouble: 1
+ildouble: 2
+ldouble: 2
 
 Function: "sin":
 ildouble: 1
diff --git a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c
index 1c5f4b3..2dd66d8 100644
--- a/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c
+++ b/sysdeps/ieee754/dbl-64/e_pow.c
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ 
 /* round to nearest mode of IEEE 754 standard.                             */
 /*                                                                         */
 /***************************************************************************/
+#include <math.h>
 #include "endian.h"
 #include "upow.h"
 #include <dla.h>
@@ -91,27 +92,33 @@  __ieee754_pow (double x, double y)
     {				/* if y<-1 or y>1   */
       double retval;
 
-      SET_RESTORE_ROUND (FE_TONEAREST);
+      {
+	SET_RESTORE_ROUND (FE_TONEAREST);
 
-      /* Avoid internal underflow for tiny y.  The exact value of y does
-         not matter if |y| <= 2**-64.  */
-      if (ABS (y) < 0x1p-64)
-	y = y < 0 ? -0x1p-64 : 0x1p-64;
-      z = log1 (x, &aa, &error);	/* x^y  =e^(y log (X)) */
-      t = y * CN;
-      y1 = t - (t - y);
-      y2 = y - y1;
-      t = z * CN;
-      a1 = t - (t - z);
-      a2 = (z - a1) + aa;
-      a = y1 * a1;
-      aa = y2 * a1 + y * a2;
-      a1 = a + aa;
-      a2 = (a - a1) + aa;
-      error = error * ABS (y);
-      t = __exp1 (a1, a2, 1.9e16 * error);	/* return -10 or 0 if wasn't computed exactly */
-      retval = (t > 0) ? t : power1 (x, y);
+	/* Avoid internal underflow for tiny y.  The exact value of y does
+	   not matter if |y| <= 2**-64.  */
+	if (ABS (y) < 0x1p-64)
+	  y = y < 0 ? -0x1p-64 : 0x1p-64;
+	z = log1 (x, &aa, &error);	/* x^y  =e^(y log (X)) */
+	t = y * CN;
+	y1 = t - (t - y);
+	y2 = y - y1;
+	t = z * CN;
+	a1 = t - (t - z);
+	a2 = (z - a1) + aa;
+	a = y1 * a1;
+	aa = y2 * a1 + y * a2;
+	a1 = a + aa;
+	a2 = (a - a1) + aa;
+	error = error * ABS (y);
+	t = __exp1 (a1, a2, 1.9e16 * error);	/* return -10 or 0 if wasn't computed exactly */
+	retval = (t > 0) ? t : power1 (x, y);
+      }
 
+      if (__isinf (retval))
+	retval = huge * huge;
+      else if (retval == 0)
+	retval = tiny * tiny;
       return retval;
     }
 
@@ -164,7 +171,21 @@  __ieee754_pow (double x, double y)
 	    return y < 0 ? 0.0 : INF.x;
 	}
       /* if y even or odd */
-      return (k == 1) ? __ieee754_pow (-x, y) : -__ieee754_pow (-x, y);
+      if (k == 1)
+	return __ieee754_pow (-x, y);
+      else
+	{
+	  double retval;
+	  {
+	    SET_RESTORE_ROUND (FE_TONEAREST);
+	    retval = -__ieee754_pow (-x, y);
+	  }
+	  if (__isinf (retval))
+	    retval = -huge * huge;
+	  else if (retval == 0)
+	    retval = -tiny * tiny;
+	  return retval;
+	}
     }
   /* x>0 */
 
diff --git a/sysdeps/x86/fpu/powl_helper.c b/sysdeps/x86/fpu/powl_helper.c
index c9c92e1..b4b5bd6 100644
--- a/sysdeps/x86/fpu/powl_helper.c
+++ b/sysdeps/x86/fpu/powl_helper.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ 
 
 #include <math.h>
 #include <math_private.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
 
 /* High parts and low parts of -log (k/16), for integer k from 12 to
    24.  */
@@ -63,15 +64,32 @@  acc_split (long double *rhi, long double *rlo, long double hi, long double lo,
 extern long double __powl_helper (long double x, long double y);
 libm_hidden_proto (__powl_helper)
 
-/* Given X a value that is finite and nonzero, or a NaN, and only
-   negative if Y is not an integer, and Y a finite nonzero value with
-   0x1p-79 <= |Y| <= 0x1p78, compute X to the power Y.  */
+/* Given X a value that is finite and nonzero, or a NaN, and Y a
+   finite nonzero value with 0x1p-79 <= |Y| <= 0x1p78, compute X to
+   the power Y.  */
 
 long double
 __powl_helper (long double x, long double y)
 {
-  if (isnan (x) || x < 0)
+  if (isnan (x))
     return __ieee754_expl (y * __ieee754_logl (x));
+  bool negate;
+  if (x < 0)
+    {
+      long double absy = fabsl (y);
+      if (absy >= 0x1p64L)
+	negate = false;
+      else
+	{
+	  unsigned long long yll = absy;
+	  if (yll != absy)
+	    return __ieee754_expl (y * __ieee754_logl (x));
+	  negate = (yll & 1) != 0;
+	}
+      x = fabsl (x);
+    }
+  else
+    negate = false;
 
   /* We need to compute Y * log2 (X) to at least 64 bits after the
      point for normal results (that is, to at least 78 bits
@@ -199,11 +217,17 @@  __powl_helper (long double x, long double y)
      fractional parts.  */
   long double log2_res_int = __roundl (log2_res_hi);
   long double log2_res_frac = log2_res_hi - log2_res_int + log2_res_lo;
+  /* If the integer part is very large, the computed fractional part
+     may be outside the valid range for f2xm1.  */
+  if (fabsl (log2_res_int) > 16500)
+    log2_res_frac = 0;
 
   /* Compute the final result.  */
   long double res;
   asm ("f2xm1" : "=t" (res) : "0" (log2_res_frac));
   res += 1.0L;
+  if (negate)
+    res = -res;
   asm ("fscale" : "=t" (res) : "0" (res), "u" (log2_res_int));
   return res;
 }
diff --git a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/e_powl.S b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/e_powl.S
index 47f129f..a960a1f 100644
--- a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/e_powl.S
+++ b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/e_powl.S
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@  ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
 	fabs			// |y| : 8 : y : x
 	fcomip	%st(1), %st	// 8 : y : x
 	fstp	%st(0)		// y : x
-	jnc	2f
+	jnc	3f
 	mov	-8(%rsp),%eax
 	mov	-4(%rsp),%edx
 	orl	$0, %edx
@@ -154,12 +154,22 @@  ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
 4:	fldl	MO(one)		// 1 : x
 	fxch
 
+	/* If y is even, take the absolute value of x.  Otherwise,
+	   ensure all intermediate values that might overflow have the
+	   sign of x.  */
+	testb	$1, %al
+	jnz	6f
+	fabs
+
 6:	shrdl	$1, %edx, %eax
 	jnc	5f
 	fxch
+	fabs
 	fmul	%st(1)		// x : ST*x
 	fxch
-5:	fmul	%st(0), %st	// x*x : ST*x
+5:	fld	%st		// x : x : ST*x
+	fabs			// |x| : x : ST*x
+	fmulp			// |x|*x : ST*x
 	shrl	$1, %edx
 	movl	%eax, %ecx
 	orl	%edx, %ecx
@@ -177,71 +187,32 @@  ENTRY(__ieee754_powl)
 	ret
 
 	.align ALIGNARG(4)
-2:	// y is a large integer (absolute value at least 8), but
-	// may be odd unless at least 1L<<64.  So it may be necessary
-	// to adjust the sign of a negative result afterwards.
-	fxch			// x : y
-	fabs			// |x| : y
-	fxch			// y : |x|
+2:	// y is a large integer (absolute value at least 1L<<63).
 	// If y has absolute value at least 1L<<78, then any finite
 	// nonzero x will result in 0 (underflow), 1 or infinity (overflow).
 	// Saturate y to those bounds to avoid overflow in the calculation
 	// of y*log2(x).
-	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : y : |x|
-	fld	%st(1)		// y : 1L<<78 : y : |x|
-	fabs			// |y| : 1L<<78 : y : |x|
-	fcomip	%st(1), %st	// 1L<<78 : y : |x|
-	fstp	%st(0)		// y : |x|
+	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : y : x
+	fld	%st(1)		// y : 1L<<78 : y : x
+	fabs			// |y| : 1L<<78 : y : x
+	fcomip	%st(1), %st	// 1L<<78 : y : x
+	fstp	%st(0)		// y : x
 	jc	3f
 	fstp	%st(0)		// pop y
-	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : |x|
+	fldl	MO(p78)		// 1L<<78 : x
 	testb	$2, %dl
 	jz	3f		// y > 0
-	fchs			// -(1L<<78) : |x|
+	fchs			// -(1L<<78) : x
 	.align ALIGNARG(4)
 3:	/* y is a real number.  */
 	subq	$40, %rsp
 	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (40)
 	fstpt	16(%rsp)	// x
 	fstpt	(%rsp)		// <empty>
-	mov	%edx, 32(%rsp)
 	call	HIDDEN_JUMPTARGET (__powl_helper)	// <result>
-	mov	32(%rsp), %edx
 	addq	$40, %rsp
 	cfi_adjust_cfa_offset (-40)
-	testb	$2, %dh
-	jz	292f
-	// x is negative.  If y is an odd integer, negate the result.
-	fldt	24(%rsp)	// y : abs(result)
-	fldl	MO(p64)		// 1L<<64 : y : abs(result)
-	fld	%st(1)		// y : 1L<<64 : y : abs(result)
-	fabs			// |y| : 1L<<64 : y : abs(result)
-	fcomip	%st(1), %st	// 1L<<64 : y : abs(result)
-	fstp	%st(0)		// y : abs(result)
-	jnc	291f
-	fldl	MO(p63)		// p63 : y : abs(result)
-	fxch			// y : p63 : abs(result)
-	fprem			// y%p63 : p63 : abs(result)
-	fstp	%st(1)		// y%p63 : abs(result)
-
-	// We must find out whether y is an odd integer.
-	fld	%st		// y : y : abs(result)
-	fistpll	-8(%rsp)	// y : abs(result)
-	fildll	-8(%rsp)	// int(y) : y : abs(result)
-	fucomip	%st(1),%st	// y : abs(result)
-	ffreep	%st		// abs(result)
-	jne	292f
-
-	// OK, the value is an integer, but is it odd?
-	mov	-8(%rsp), %eax
-	mov	-4(%rsp), %edx
-	andb	$1, %al
-	jz	290f		// jump if not odd
-	// It's an odd integer.
-	fchs
-290:	ret
-291:	fstp	%st(0)		// abs(result)
-292:	ret
+	ret
 
 	// pow(x,±0) = 1
 	.align ALIGNARG(4)
diff --git a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps
index bb549d2..41e7025 100644
--- a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps
+++ b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/libm-test-ulps
@@ -1714,8 +1714,12 @@  ildouble: 1
 ldouble: 1
 
 Function: "pow_downward":
+double: 1
 float: 1
+idouble: 1
 ifloat: 1
+ildouble: 4
+ldouble: 4
 
 Function: "pow_tonearest":
 float: 1
@@ -1724,14 +1728,20 @@  ildouble: 1
 ldouble: 1
 
 Function: "pow_towardzero":
+double: 1
 float: 1
+idouble: 1
 ifloat: 1
+ildouble: 1
+ldouble: 1
 
 Function: "pow_upward":
+double: 1
 float: 1
+idouble: 1
 ifloat: 1
-ildouble: 1
-ldouble: 1
+ildouble: 2
+ldouble: 2
 
 Function: "sin":
 ildouble: 1
diff --git a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/e_pow.c b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/e_pow.c
index a740b6c..433cce0 100644
--- a/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/e_pow.c
+++ b/sysdeps/x86_64/fpu/multiarch/e_pow.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ 
 #ifdef HAVE_FMA4_SUPPORT
 # include <init-arch.h>
+# include <math.h>
 # include <math_private.h>
 
 extern double __ieee754_pow_sse2 (double, double);