diff --git a/misc/Makefile b/misc/Makefile
index 9a87e81ae5..30e0673c8a 100644
--- a/misc/Makefile
+++ b/misc/Makefile
@@ -86,6 +86,11 @@ tests := tst-dirname tst-tsearch tst-fdset tst-efgcvt tst-mntent tst-hsearch \
 	 tst-preadvwritev tst-preadvwritev64 tst-makedev tst-empty \
 	 tst-preadvwritev2 tst-preadvwritev64v2 tst-warn-wide
 
+# Tests which need libdl.
+ifeq (yes,$(build-shared))
+tests += tst-gethostid
+endif
+
 tests-internal := tst-atomic tst-atomic-long tst-allocate_once
 tests-static := tst-empty
 
@@ -145,3 +150,5 @@ tst-allocate_once-ENV = MALLOC_TRACE=$(objpfx)tst-allocate_once.mtrace
 $(objpfx)tst-allocate_once-mem.out: $(objpfx)tst-allocate_once.out
 	$(common-objpfx)malloc/mtrace $(objpfx)tst-allocate_once.mtrace > $@; \
 	$(evaluate-test)
+
+$(objpfx)tst-gethostid: $(libdl)
diff --git a/misc/tst-gethostid.c b/misc/tst-gethostid.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1490aaf3f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/misc/tst-gethostid.c
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/* Basic test for gethostid.
+   Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   This file is part of the GNU C Library.
+
+   The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+   modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
+   version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+   The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+   Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+   License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
+   <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+#include <gnu/lib-names.h>
+#include <nss.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <support/namespace.h>
+#include <support/support.h>
+#include <support/temp_file.h>
+#include <support/xdlfcn.h>
+#include <support/xstdio.h>
+#include <support/xunistd.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+/* Initial test is run outside a chroot, to increase the likelihood of
+   success.  */
+static void
+outside_chroot (void *closure)
+{
+  long id = gethostid ();
+  printf ("info: host ID outside chroot: 0x%lx\n", id);
+}
+
+/* The same, but this time perform a chroot operation.  */
+static void
+in_chroot (void *closure)
+{
+  const char *chroot_path = closure;
+  xchroot (chroot_path);
+  long id = gethostid ();
+  printf ("info: host ID in chroot: 0x%lx\n", id);
+}
+
+static int
+do_test (void)
+{
+  support_isolate_in_subprocess (outside_chroot, NULL);
+
+  /* Now run the test inside a chroot.  */
+  support_become_root ();
+  if (!support_can_chroot ())
+    /* Cannot perform further tests.  */
+    return 0;
+
+  /* Only use nss_files.  */
+  __nss_configure_lookup ("hosts", "files");
+
+  /* Load the DSO outside of the chroot.  */
+  xdlopen (LIBNSS_FILES_SO, RTLD_LAZY);
+
+  char *chroot_dir = support_create_temp_directory ("tst-gethostid-");
+  support_isolate_in_subprocess (in_chroot, chroot_dir);
+
+  /* Tests with /etc/hosts in the chroot.  */
+  {
+    char *path = xasprintf ("%s/etc", chroot_dir);
+    add_temp_file (path);
+    xmkdir (path, 0777);
+    free (path);
+    path = xasprintf ("%s/etc/hosts", chroot_dir);
+    add_temp_file (path);
+
+    FILE *fp = xfopen (path, "w");
+    xfclose (fp);
+    printf ("info: chroot test with an empty /etc/hosts file\n");
+    support_isolate_in_subprocess (in_chroot, chroot_dir);
+
+    char hostname[1024];
+    int ret = gethostname (hostname, sizeof (hostname));
+    if (ret < 0)
+      printf ("warning: invalid result from gethostname: %d\n", ret);
+    else if (strlen (hostname) == 0)
+      puts ("warning: gethostname returned empty string");
+    else
+      {
+        printf ("info: chroot test with IPv6 address in /etc/hosts for: %s\n",
+                hostname);
+        fp = xfopen (path, "w");
+        /* Use an IPv6 address to induce another lookup failure.  */
+        fprintf (fp, "2001:db8::1 %s\n", hostname);
+        xfclose (fp);
+        support_isolate_in_subprocess (in_chroot, chroot_dir);
+      }
+    free (path);
+  }
+  free (chroot_dir);
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#include <support/test-driver.c>
